What is Independent Dependent and Extraneous variables in a Causal relationship with Example

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In this video, Dr Sam takes easy to understand examples to explain what is an independent, dependent, and extraneous variable when investigating a causal relationship. • Knowledge of this video is important for all researchers intending to design their study for data collection. • Researchers will also benefit from watching: • What are the different sample studies associated with qualitative research only? • What are different sample studies ass... • How is qualitative research evaluated? • How is qualitative research evaluated... • How to calculate inter-rater reliability? • How to calculate reliability (inter-r... • What are the different types of interview used in research studies? • What are the different types of Inter... • Factors to consider before you conduct an Interview: • What are the factors to consider befo... • What is unobtrusive data collection? • What are ‘Unobtrusive’ methods of dat... • What data can you explore through unobtrusive data collection? • What type of data do you explore thro... • What are the basics of the data collection process? • What are the basics of the data colle... • What are the different sampling strategies employed in research? • What are the different Sampling strat... • How to evaluate a research article? • How to evaluate a research article fo... • How to write a clear and cohesive literature review? • How to write a clear and cohesive lit... • How to use library time efficiently as a researcher? • How to use your library time efficien... • How to compare different types of data collection? • How to compare different methods of d... • What are the potential threats to internal validity of an experimental study? • What are the potential threats to the... • What factors are considered in judging conceptual papers? • What factors are considered in judgin... • Online focus groups (advantages vs disadvantages): • What are the advantages and disadvant... • What are the different types of survey? • What are the different types of surve... • How to avoid sampling bias in questionnaire research? • How to identify sampling bias in ques... • How to control for confounding variables in research? • How to control for confounding variab... • What is a one-shot experimental case study? • What is a one-shot experimental case ... • What is one-group pre-test/post-test research? • What is a One-group pretest/posttest ... • Static group comparison research design: • How to design research for a static g... • Pretest-posttest control-group design: • What is a pretest-postest control-gro... • Solomon four group design: • What is a Solomon four-group research... • Post-test only control group design: • What is a posttest-only control-group... • What are the different types of hypothesis in research? • What are the different types of hypot... • What is a standard error of measurement (SEM)? • What is a Standard Error of Measureme... • Observation as a research design: • Using 'Observation' as a research des... • Causal inference and ex post facto fallacy: • What is causal inferences and ex post... • What is within-subjects research design? • What is a within-subjects research de... • How to acknowledge researcher’s bias in qualitative research? • How to address researcher’s bias in q... • Factors to consider before undertaking PhD by publication: • What factors should you consider befo... • Disadvantages of doing a PhD by publication: • What are the disadvantages of underta... • Advantages of undertaking a PhD by publication: • What are the advantages of undertakin... • Should research students attend conferences? • Should Research Students Attend Confe... • Should research students apply for research grants? • Should Research Students Apply For Gr... • Can there be more than one lead author in a research paper: • Can there be more than one lead autho... • Which referencing software should researchers use? • Which referencing software should res... • How many publications required by end of a PhD? • How many publications required on com... • Is PhD candidature period considered as academic experience? • Is the time of PhD candidature consid... • Should PhD students review papers: • Should PhD students review papers for... • What is imposter syndrome: • Why students suffer from 'Imposter Sy... • Can there be too many references? • Can there be 'too many' references in... • How to write the methodology chapter? • How to write the methodology chapter ... • What is a pre-experimental research design? • What is a pre-experimental research d... • How to defend your thesis? • How to defend your thesis in oral exa... • What is a statement of co-authorship? • What is a statement of co-authorship ... • How to explain a low r-square value in research? • What is R-square value in research? 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