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Beyond Good and Evil 💖 By Friedrich Nietzsche FULL Audiobook
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Beyond Good and Evil. By Friedrich Nietzsche FULL Audiobook • Beyond Good and Evil is a philosophical work by Friedrich Nietzsche that was first published in 1886. The book is a collection of 296 aphorisms, ranging in length from a few sentences to a few pages, and is divided into nine chapters. The book is a comprehensive overview of Nietzsche's mature philosophy. • The preface accuses philosophers of dogmatism, and the first chapter explores this claim. Nietzsche asserts that every great philosophy is little more than the personal confession of the philosopher. Philosophers build up complex systems of thought to justify their own assumptions and prejudices. If we can dig these out, we can see what these philosophers value most deeply, and so gain insight into their character. Nietzsche contrasts their dogmatism with the free spirit that is not caught up in a particular point of view. He hopes the philosophers of the future will be characterized by such an experimental method, willing to try out any hypothesis, and follow any argument all the way to its conclusion. • The book also explores the religious spirit, which Nietzsche claims is a kind of dogmatism. Nietzsche embarks on a series of epigrams, most of which highlight our bizarre psychological make-up. Next, he looks at the long history of moral systems as a set of different attempts at self-overcoming. He speaks out strongly against the morality of the herd that encourages a dull mediocrity in all. He finds such a mediocrity in modern scholarship, which is overly concerned with digging up dry, dull facts. Nietzsche's ideal philosopher creates meaning and values, and does not simply deal with empty facts. • Nietzsche asserts that there is an order of rank according to which the spiritual strength of all people can be measured. Because of this difference between people, it would be absurd to apply one moral code to all people. Nietzsche suggests that the strongest people are marked by a cruelty to themselves, according to which they mercilessly expose their every prejudice and assumption in order to dig more deeply into themselves. At bottom, however, everyone has prejudices. To prove this point, Nietzsche launches an eight-page tirade against women. Next, he addresses the question of nationalities and nationalism, drawing on a kind of Lamarckism that sees different nationalities or races as inherently having certain characteristics. • The book concludes with a poem that celebrates the free spirit and the new philosophers who will be able to create new values and meanings. Nietzsche's philosophy is often seen as a precursor to existentialism, and his emphasis on the individual and the subjective has been influential in many fields, including psychology, literature, and art. • I hope this summary helps you understand the book better. Let me know if you have any other questions!. • More: Friedrich Nietzsche, Beyond Good and Evil, Philosophy • Morality, Existentialism, Ethics • Truth, God, Good • Evil, Institutionalized weakness, The philosophy of the future • Ian Johnston, Alex Jennings, Roy McMillan • 00:00:00 Beyond Good and Evil. I: Prejudices of Philosophers • 00:49:41 II: The Free Spirit • 01:33:39 III: The Religious Mood • 02:10:04 IV: Apophthegms and Interludes • 02:30:29 V: The Natural History of Morals • 03:17:41 VI: We Scholars • 03:59:39 VII: Our Virtues • 04:52:50 VIII: Peoples and Countries • 05:44:01 IX: What Is Noble? • 06:53:00 From the Heights
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