NEPHROTIC SYNDROME causespathophysiologydiagnosisfeatures and treatment

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Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms due to kidney damage. • DOWNLOAD FREE MEDICAL BOOKS HERE • https://eazzymedicine.com • This includes (proteinuria) more than 3.5 g/day protein in the urine, low blood albumin levels (hypoalbuminemia), high blood lipids (hyperlipidemia) and significant swelling (edema) • Other symptoms may include weight gain, feeling tired, and foamy urine. • Complications may include blood clots (thrombosis), infections, and high blood pressure (hypertension). • Causes include a number of kidney diseases such as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, and minimal change disease. • It may also occur as a complication of diabetes or lupus. • The underlying mechanism typically involves damage to the glomeruli of the kidney. • Diagnosis is typically based on urine testing and sometimes a kidney biopsy. • It differs from nephritic syndrome in that there are no red blood cells in the urine. • Treatment is directed at the underlying cause. • Other efforts include managing high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and infection risk. • A low salt diet and limiting fluids is often recommended

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