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Karl Jaspers The Basic Questions of Philosophy
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excerpts from On My Philosophy (1941) • Karl (Theodor) Jaspers (b. 1883, Oldenburg, Germany - d. 1969, Basel, Switzerland), a leading existentialist thinker, held that genuine philosophy must spring forth from the study of a person's individual existence which he viewed as enclosed by an all-embracing, transcendental reality he called ''the encompassing''. For Jaspers, philosophy is the disclosure of oneself through communication and such communication requires what is called a ''philosophic faith'' or that which involves a belief in personal freedom, the inadequacy of a person alone, and the transcendence of the ordinary world. He was first educated in law, but shifted afterwards to the field of medicine (psychology and psychiatry) before studying philosophy. He said of law: ''The study of law left me unsatisfied, because I did not know the aspects of life which it serves. I perceived only the intricate mental juggling with fictions that did not interest me.'' He wrote of his unusual path to philosophy: ''...I did not intend to become a doctor of philosophy by studying philosophy (I am a doctor of medicine) nor did I by any means intend originally to qualify for a professorship by a dissertation on philosophy. To decide to become a philosopher seemed as foolish to me as to decide to become a poet.'' His wife and intellectual partner Gertrud was Jewish. With the advent of Nazism, he was relieved of his duties (as a psychiatrist at the university hospital and professor of philosophy at the medical school) and had his works banned. In 1945 or after the war, he was reinstated at University of Heidelberg until he was appointed professor of philosophy at University of Basel in 1948. Weber was the strongest influence on his political psyche whereas Kant was his first major philosophical influence. As for his existential philosophy, he was primarily influenced by Nietzsche and Kierkegaard. He was thereafter incidentally influenced by Heidegger and Sartre. • For more information on Karl Jaspers, please go to: (https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ja.... • CREDITS; Images of Karl Jaspers used can be found online while the brown backdrop was created by efe_madrid at freepik.com
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