Gastrointestinal System Histology Enteric nervous system amp GI Secretions Physiology USMLE step 1

>> YOUR LINK HERE: ___ http://youtube.com/watch?v=8c0ANUCr08I

📌𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:- / drgbhanuprakash • 📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- https://t.me/bhanuprakashdr • 📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- https://linktr.ee/DrGBhanuprakash • Gastrointestinal System: Histology, Enteric nervous system GI Secretions : Physiology USMLE step 1 • The gastrointestinal (GI) system is responsible for the digestion and absorption of food, as well as the elimination of waste products. It is composed of several organs, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. • Histology of the GI System: • The GI tract is composed of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa. • Mucosa: This layer lines the inner surface of the GI tract and is composed of three layers: • a. Epithelium: responsible for absorption and secretion • b. Lamina propria: contains blood vessels, lymphoid tissue, and nerve fibers • c. Muscularis mucosae: a thin layer of smooth muscle that helps to move the mucosa • Submucosa: This layer contains connective tissue, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. It also contains the submucosal plexus, which is part of the enteric nervous system (ENS). • Muscularis externa: This layer is composed of two layers of smooth muscle: an inner circular layer and an outer longitudinal layer. The muscularis externa is responsible for peristalsis and segmentation. • Serosa: This is the outermost layer of the GI tract and is composed of connective tissue and a layer of mesothelial cells. • Enteric Nervous System (ENS): • The ENS is a complex network of neurons and glial cells that is responsible for regulating the functions of the GI tract, including motility, secretion, and blood flow. It is sometimes referred to as the second brain because it can function independently of the central nervous system (CNS). The ENS is composed of two major plexuses: the myenteric plexus and the submucosal plexus. • Myenteric plexus: Located between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the muscularis externa, the myenteric plexus is responsible for regulating gastrointestinal motility. It controls the peristaltic movements of the intestines. • Submucosal plexus: Located in the submucosa, the submucosal plexus is responsible for regulating GI secretions and blood flow. It controls the secretion of enzymes, acid, and bicarbonate. • GI Secretions: • Several organs in the GI system secrete substances that aid in digestion: • Salivary glands: These glands secrete saliva, which contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates. • Stomach: The stomach secretes gastric juice, which contains hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen. Hydrochloric acid helps to denature proteins, and pepsinogen is converted to pepsin, which digests proteins. • Pancreas: The pancreas secretes pancreatic juice, which contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. • Liver: The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and helps to emulsify lipids. • Small intestine: The small intestine secretes enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. It also secretes hormones that regulate the functions of the GI tract. • Large intestine: The large intestine secretes mucus, which helps to lubricate fecal matter and aid in elimination. • #gitphysiology #giphysiology #usmlephysiology #physiology #physiologylectures #physiologyvideos #fmge #fmgevideos #rapidrevisionfmge #fmgejan2023 #mbbslectures #nationalexitexam #nationalexittest #neetpg #usmlepreparation #usmlestep1 #fmge #usmle #drgbhanuprakash #medicalstudents #medicalstudent #medicalcollege #neetpg2023 #usmleprep #usmlepreparation #mbbsphysiology #usmlestep1physiology #neetpgphysiology

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