Caesar in Illyricum and Cisalpine Gaul Roman Conquest in the Heart of Europe

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While Gaius Julius Caesar is most famous for his conquest of Gaul, Rome, under his leadership, also expanded its influence in other regions. Such was the case in the east, at Illyria (Illyricum) and the north-eastern edges of Italy. • Ancient Romans also found amicable people here, notably among the evermore romanized Venetii and Noricii. Caesar controlled Cisalpine Gaul and Illyricum from Aquileia, one of the most important Roman cities, and an endpoint of the ancient amber road, through which goods have been exchanged between the Mediterranean and the Baltic since the prehistory. • It is unknown exactly when, but during Caesar's time at the latest, Rome already controlled the hinterlands along the Amber road, all the way to the Sava river. These lands of Cisalpine Gaul were previously under control of different Celtic tribes that were hostile towards Rome. When Caesar became proconsul and chose Aquileia as his headquarters, he quickly became aware of insecure approaches from the east and south. Many neighboring Illyrian and Celtic tribes threatened Roman interests and settlements. • Besides expansion and military actions, Caesar’s presence in the north-east accelerated the region's romanization and urbanization. He created new settlements and gave new benefits to the existing ones. Alongside, he gave many inhabitants of Cisalpine Gaul Roman citizenship. But his death and other events prevented him from achieving total conquest of the wider area. The situation in the eastern frontier would already be well summarized by the ancient historian Appian, who writes: • “It baffles me how so many great Roman armies crossing the Alps towards the Gauls and Iberians, had overlooked these tribes, and that even Gaius Caesar, the most successful commander, did not conquer them during the decade he was fighting the Gauls and wintering in that very country. Other Romans seem to have prioritized only getting across the Alps on whatever business they were sent, while Caesar seems to have delayed putting an end to the Illyrian upstarts due to the Gallic war and the following conflict with Pompey.” • Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1m... • I hope you learned something new in this video. If you want to see more history videos, feel free to like and subscribe... You know how YouTube works. 👍 • Learn more about the history in the heart of Europe: • History in the heart of Europe • Edited with Vegas Pro Edit 21 • #history #ancienthistory #ancientrome #historyofeurope #juliuscaesar

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