Bronchiolitis causes pathophysiology signs and symptoms treatment

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Bronchiolitis is an acute inflammatory injury of the bronchioles that is usually caused by a viral infection most commonly respiratory syncytial virus. • This condition may occur in persons of any age, but severe symptoms are usually evident only in young infants. • clinical manifestations are initially subtle, such as the following: • May become increasingly fussy and have difficulty feeding during the 2 to 5-day incubation period • Low-grade fever (usually less than 101.5°F); possible hypothermia in infants younger than 1 month • Increasing coryza and congestion • Apnea: May be the presenting symptom in early disease • Severe cases of bronchiolitis may progress over 48 hours to the following signs and symptoms: • Respiratory distress with tachypnea, nasal flaring, retractions • Irritability • Possibly cyanosis • The diagnosis of bronchiolitis is based on clinical presentation, the patient’s age, seasonal occurrence, and findings from the physical examination, which may reveal the following: • Tachypnea • Tachycardia • Fever (38-39°C) • Retractions • Fine rales (47%); diffuse, fine wheezing • Hypoxia • Supportive care for patients with bronchiolitis may include the following: • Supplemental humidified oxygen • Maintenance of hydration • Mechanical ventilation • Nasal and oral suctioning • Apnea and cardiorespiratory monitoring • Temperature regulation in small infants • SUBSCRIBE, LIKE and SHARE • • Check our website for more medical lecture notes at https://medcrine.com • • Follow us on twitter @medcrine • • Facebook at www.fb.me/medcrine • • Pinterest at pinterest.com/medcrine • • Telegram at t.me/medcrine • • email us on [email protected]

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