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meiosis 3d animation phases of mitosis cell cycle and cell divisionmitosis and meiosis
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Mitosis is a type of cell division in which one cell divides to produce two new cells that are genetically identical to itself. Mitosis is a way of making more cells which helps the organism to grow in size. Mitosis also helps in repairing the damaged tissue or replacing the worn out cell. Single celled eukaryotes like yeast, mitotic division are actually form of reproduction adding new individuals to population. • The processes occurring during mitosis have been divided into different stages: • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase • Cytokinesis. • Interphase • Before entering mitosis, a cell spends a period of its growth under interphase. • G1 Phase: This is the period before the synthesis of DNA. • S Phase: This is the phase during which DNA synthesis takes place. • G2 Phase: This is the phase between the end of DNA synthesis and the beginning of the prophase. • Prophase • Prophase immediately follows the S and G2 phases of the cycle and is marked by condensation of the genetic material to form compact mitotic chromosomes composed of two chromatids attached at the centromere. • The mitotic spindle begins to form. • The spindle grows between the centrosomes as they move apart. • The nuclear envelope starts disintegrating. • Metaphase • At this stage, the microtubules start pulling the chromosomes with equal force and the chromosome ends up in the middle of the cell. This region is known as the metaphase plate. • Anaphase • The splitting of the sister chromatids marks the onset of anaphase. These sister chromatids become the chromosome of the daughter nuclei. The centromere of each chromosome leads at the edge while the arms trail behind it. • Telophase • In telophase, the cell is nearly done dividing, and it starts to re-establish its normal structures as cytokinesis (division of the cell contents) takes place. • The mitotic spindle is broken down into its building blocks. • Two new nuclei form, one for each set of chromosomes. • Nuclear membranes reappears. • The chromosomes begin to decondense and return to their stringy form. • When cytokinesis finishes, we end up with two new cells, each with a complete set of chromosomes identical to those of the mother cell. The daughter cells can now begin their own cellular lives. • #mitosis #celldivision #cellcycle #scienceanimation • [email protected]
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