사피엔스 91강

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[친해영tv] • 91강(pp. 100~101) 1/4 • Part One The Cognitive Revolution • Part Two The Agricultural Revolution • ■ History's Biggest Fraud • ▪ The Luxury Trap • ▪ Divine Intervention • ▪ Victims of the Revolution • ■ Building Pyramids • ■ Memory Overload • ■ There Is No Justice in History • Part Three The Unification of Humankind • Part Four The Scientific Revolution • Divine Intervention (신의 개입/간섭) • The above scenario explains the Agricultural Revolution as a miscalculation./ It's very plausible./ History is full of far more idiotic miscalculations./ But there's another possibility./ Maybe it wasn't the search for an easier life that brought about the transformation./ Maybe Sapiens had other aspirations, and were consciously willing to make their lives harder in order to achieve them. • divine [diváin] ɑ. 신의; 신성(神性)의 • intervention [ìntǝrvénʃən] n. 사이에 듦; 개재; 조정, 중재; 간섭 • miscalculation 계산 착오 • plau·si·ble [plɔ́ːzǝbəl] ɑ. • ① (이유·구실 따위가) 그럴 듯한, 정말 같은. • ② 그럴 듯한 말을 하는, 말재주가 좋은 • be full of ~ ~로 가득 찬 • idiotic, -ical [ìdiάtik/-ɔ́t-], [-əl] ɑ. 백치의; 천치의. • aspiration [æ̀spǝréiʃən] n. 열망; 포부, 향상심, 큰 뜻, 대망 • 91강(pp. 100~101) 2/4 • Scientists usually seek to attribute historical developments to cold economic and demographic factors./ It sits better with their rational and mathematical methods./ In the case of modern history, scholars cannot avoid taking into account non-material factors such as ideology and culture./ The written evidence forces their hand./ We have enough documents, letters and memoirs to prove that the Second World War was not caused by food shortages or demographic pressures./ • attribute ~ to ~을 ~의 탓으로 돌리다 • sit better with ~와 더 잘 어울리다 • take into account ~을 고려하다 • mem·oir [mémwɑːr, -wɔːr] n. 전기(傳記), 실록; (고인의) 언행록; (보통 pl.) 추억의 기록, 회상〔회고〕록, 자서전. • 91강(pp. 100~101) 3/4 • But we have no documents from the Natufian culture, so when dealing with ancient periods the materialist school reigns supreme./ It is difficult to prove that preliterate people were motivated by [faith] rather than economic necessity. • the materialist school 유물론 학파 • reign 우세하다 • reign supreme 대권을 장악하다 • faith [feiθ] n. 신념(belief); 󰆴 신조(信條); 확신《in; thɑt》 • 91강(pp. 100~101) 4/4 • Yet, in some rare cases, we are lucky enough to find telltale clues./ In 1995 archaeologists began to excavate 2 site in south-east Turkey called Göbekli Tepe./ In the oldest stratum they discovered no signs of a settlement, houses or daily activities./ They did, however, find monumental pillared structures decorated with spectacular engrayings./ Each stone Pillar weighed up to seven tons and reached a height of five metres./ In a nearby quarry they found a half-chiselled pillar weighing fifty tons./ Altogether, they uncovered more than ten monumental structures, the largest of them nearly thirty metres across(너비). • télltàle n. 고자쟁이; 수다쟁이. 내막을 폭로하는 것, 증거. • excavate [ékskǝvèit] vt. …에 구멍〔굴〕을 파다〔뚫다〕; (터널·지하 저장고 등을) 파다, 굴착하다; (광석·토사 등을) 파내다; 발굴하다 • stratum [stréitǝm, strǽt-] n. 층; (대기·해양의) 층; 〖생태〗 (식물·생물의) 층; 〖지질〗 지층; 단층; (고고학상의) 유적이 있는 층 • mon·u·men·tal [mὰnjǝméntl/mɔ̀n-] ɑ. 기념 건조물의, 기념비의; 기념되는; 불멸의 • spec·tac·u·lar [spektǽkjǝlǝr] ɑ. • ① 구경거리의, 볼 만한, 장관의 • ② 스릴 만점의; 눈부신, 깜짝 놀라게 하는, 화려한. • engrayings 환상적인 것들, 조각 • quar·ry¹ [kwɔ́ːri, kwάri] n. 채석장. 지식의 원천; 출처, 전거. • chis·el [tʃízəl] n. 끌, 조각칼, vt. 끌로 깎다, 끌로 파다 • al·to·geth·er ɑd. 아주, 전혀, 전연(entirely) 전부, 합계하여 • #사피엔스 #spiens #유발하라리 #윔피키드 #wimpykid #친해영tv #친해영 #해바영어 #해바화상영어 #필리핀화상영어 #필리핀영어 #쉬운영어 #직독직해 #영어독해 #영어듣기 #영어원서읽기 #영어공부 #박치동 #haevaenglish #영어원서번역

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