Youtor
KOI to USO
>> YOUR LINK HERE: ___ http://youtube.com/watch?v=D_67xChfiSI
Koi (鯉, English: /ˈkɔɪ/, Japanese: [koꜜi]), or more specifically nishikigoi (錦鯉, Japanese: [ɲiɕi̥kiꜜɡoi], literally brocaded carp ), are colored varieties of carp (Cyprinus sp.) that are kept for decorative purposes in outdoor koi ponds or water gardens. • Koi fish • Conservation status • Domesticated • Scientific classificationDomain:EukaryotaKingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:ChordataClass:ActinopterygiiOrder:CypriniformesFamily:CyprinidaeGenus:CyprinusSpecies: • C. rubrofuscus • Variety: • C. r. var. koi or nishikigoi • Trinomial nameCyprinus rubrofuscus var. koi or nishikigoi • Lacépède, 1803 • Synonyms • Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 • Cyprinus carpio ssp. rubrofuscus Lacepède, 1803 • Cyprinus carpio haematopterus Temminck Schlegel, 1846 • Several koi swim around in a pond in Japan. (video)A school of koi containing multiple different varieties • Koi is an informal name for the colored variants of carp kept for ornamental purposes. There are many varieties of ornamental koi, originating from breeding that began in Niigata, Japan in the early 19th century.[1][2][3] • Several varieties are recognized by Japanese breeders and owners, distinguished by coloration, patterning, and scalation. Some of the major colors are white, black, red, orange, yellow, blue, brown and cream, besides metallic shades like gold and silver-white ('platinum') scales. The most popular category of koi is the Gosanke, which is made up of the Kōhaku, Taishō Sanshoku and Shōwa Sanshoku varieties. • History • edit • Carp are a large group of fish originally found in Central Europe and Asia. Various carp species were originally domesticated in China, where they were used as food fish. Carp are coldwater fish, and their ability to survive and adapt to many climates and water conditions allowed the domesticated species to be propagated to many new locations, including Japan. • Prehistory • edit • In Japan, Miocene fossils of the carp family (Cyprinidae) have been excavated from Iki Island in Nagasaki Prefecture.[4] In addition, numerous carp pharyngeal teeth have been excavated from Jomon and Yayoi period sites.[5] For example, pharyngeal teeth of the extinct species Jōmon Koi (Cyprinus sp.) in addition to the modern species of carp (Cyprinus carpio or Cyprinus rubrofuscus) have been excavated from the Akanoi Bay lakebed site (赤野井湾湖底遺跡) in Lake Biwa at the end of the Early Jomon Period (11,500 – 7,000 years ago).[5] In addition, pharyngeal teeth of all six subfamilies of the Cyprinidae family living in Japan today, including carp (Cyprinus), have been found at the Awazu lakebed site (粟津湖底遺跡) dating from the Middle Jomon Period (5500 – 4400 years ago).[5] • There are differences in the length distribution of carp excavated from Jomon and Yayoi sites, as estimated from the size of their pharyngeal teeth. Specifically, not only adult carp but also juvenile carp (less than 150 mm in length) have been found at the Yayoi site. This difference is thought to be due to the fact that the Jomon only collected carp from lakes and rivers, while the Yayoi cultivated primitive carp along with the spread of rice paddies.[5][6] • It was previously thought that all Japanese carp were introduced from China in prehistoric times.[7] However, recent analysis of mitochondrial DNA revealed a significant evolutionary divergence (phylogenetic split) within common carp Cyprinus carpio between the native wild form found in Lake Biwa and the Eurasian wild form, along with domesticated varieties. This supports the idea of the ancient origin of the native Japanese form (Cyprinus sp.), as well as the East Asian ancient lineage of wild common carp (C. carpio), previously proposed on the basis of fossil data. However, it is unknown when the carp from the continent was introduced to Japan. In addition, a possible multiple origin of koi carp was indicated by the polyphyletic distribution of five mtDNA haplotypes of koi carp within the ‘Eurasian’ clade.[8] Moreover, the oldest record of the introduction of non-native fish in Japan is that of goldfish from China (1502 or 1602),[9] and there is no record of carp (including colored carp) until the introduction of the mirror carp, called Doitsugoi (German carp), in 1904.[10] • Middle Ages • edit • In the Japanese history book Nihon Shoki (Chronicles of Japan, 720), it is written that Emperor Keikō released carp in a pond for viewing when he visited Mino Province (present Gifu Prefecture) in the fourth year of his reign (74 AD). In Cui Bao's Gǔjīnzhù (古今注, Annotations on the Ancient and Modern Period) from the Western Jin Dynasty (4th century A.D.) in China, carp of the following colors are described: red horse (赤驥), blue horse (青馬), black horse (玄駒), white horse (白騏), and yellow pheasant (黄雉).[11] In China in those days, carp were called horses because they were believed to be the vehicles of hermits and to run in the sky. • #biodiversity #animal #biodiversityconservation #wildlife #animalwelfareactivist #insects #conservation #ecology #nature
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