Chemotherapy Classifications of Chemotherapeutic Agents

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Antimicrobial agents can be classified in many ways: • A. BASED ON MECHANISM OF ACTION • (1) Inhibition of cell wall synthesis • (a) β-lactums: Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Carbapenems*, Monobactams* • (b) Glycopeptides: Vancomycin, Teicoplanin • (c) Others: Bacitracin, Cycloserine • *beta lactamase resistant beta-lactum antibiotics • (2) Cell membrane function inhibitors • (a) Polypeptides: Polymyxins, Bacitracin, Colistin • (b) Polyenes: Amphoterecin B, Hamycin, Nystatin • (3) Inhibition of protein synthesis • (a) Aminoglycoside: Streptomycin, Kanamycin, Amikacin, Neomycin, Gentamicin—30s • (b) Tetracyclines: Tetracycline, Oxytetracycline, Demeclocycline, Doxycycline---30s • (c) Macrolides: Erythromycin, Roxithromycin, Clarithromycin, Azithromycin----50s • (d) Lincosamides: Lincomycin, Clindamycin • (e) Oxazolidione: Linezolid • (f) Others: Chloramphenicol----50s • (4) Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis • (a) Sulphonamides: Sulfadiazine, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfadoxine, (DHFS Is) • (b) Quinolones: Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Lomefloxacin, Gatifloxacin (DNA Gyrase inhibitors) • (c) Others: Metronidazole, Rifampicin, Idoxorudine, Acyclovir, Zydovudine, Bleomycine • B. BASED ON SUSEPTIBLE MICROORGANISM • (1) Antibactarial:β-lactum antibiotics, Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines, Sulfonamides etc. • (2) Antifungal:Amphotericin B, Ketoconazole, Clotrimazole, Griseofulvin, Terbinafine • (3) Antivirals: Acyclovir, Idoxuridine, Amantadine, Zidovudine, Nevirapine, Indinavir • (4) Antiprotozoal: Metronidazole, Chloroquine, Pyrimethamine, Diloxanide, Pentamidine • (5) Antitubercular:Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, Streptomycin • (6) Antileprotic: Depsone, Rifampicin, Ethionamide, Minocyciline • (7) Anthelmintic: Mebendazole, Albendazole, Pyrantel, Levamisole, Praziquantel • C. BASED ON SPECTRUM • (1) Narrow spectrum: Penicillin G, Streptomycin, Erythromcin • (2) Broad spectrum: Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol, Ampicillin, Amoxycillin • D. BASED ON ACTION • (1) Bactereostatics: Sulfonamides, Tetracyclines, Erythromycin, Chloramphenicol • (2) Bactereocidal:Aminoglycosides, Penicillins, Co-trimazole, Cephalosporins, INH, Rimapin • E. BASED ON SOURCE • 1) Fungi: Penicilin, Cephelosporin, Griseofulvin • 2) Bacteria: Polymixin B, Bacitracin, Colistin, Aztreonam • 3) Actinimycetes: Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines, Macrolides, Polyenes, Chloremphenicol. • Mode of action: • Antibiotics | Mechanism of Antibiotic... • Chemotherapy platlist: • Antibiotics Pharmacology

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