Brain Amoebiasis or Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis Definition causes Symptoms Diagnosis Tr
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Brain amoebiasis, also known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), is a rare but severe infection caused by the amoeba Naegleria fowleri. Here's an overview: • Causes: • Naegleria fowleri: This free-living amoeba is typically found in warm freshwater bodies such as lakes, rivers, and hot springs. It enters the human body through the nose, usually when people swim or dive in contaminated water2. • Symptoms: • Early Symptoms: Headache, fever, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. • Progressive Symptoms: As the infection worsens, symptoms can include seizures, altered mental state, hallucinations, blurred vision, and coma. • Rapid Deterioration: Symptoms progress rapidly, and the infection can be fatal within days if not treated promptly. • Diagnosis: • Clinical Presentation: Based on symptoms and exposure history. • Lumbar Puncture: Examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to detect the presence of the amoeba. • Imaging: CT or MRI scans to assess brain involvement. • Treatment: • Miltefosine: An antiparasitic drug that has shown some success in treating PAM. • Supportive Care: Management of symptoms, including medications to control seizures and reduce brain swelling. • Early Intervention: Prompt treatment is crucial for improving outcomes. • Prevention: • Avoiding Contaminated Water: Avoid swimming or diving in warm freshwater bodies, especially in areas where Naegleria fowleri is known to be present. • Proper Water Treatment: Ensuring that swimming pools and water heaters are properly maintained and chlorinated. • PAM is a very serious condition with a high mortality rate, but awareness and preventive measures can help reduce the risk of infection. If you have any specific questions or need more information, feel free to ask! • #Amoebiasis
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