How to find the Oxidation Number for Pb in Pb3O4

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To find the correct oxidation state of Pb in Pb3O4 (Lead (II, III) oxide), and each element in the compound, we use a few rules and some simple math. • First, since the Pb3O4 doesn’t have an overall charge (like NO3- or H3O+) we could say that the total of the oxidation numbers for Pb3O4 will be zero since it is a neutral compound. • We write the oxidation number (O.N.) for elements that we know and use these to figure out oxidation number for Pb. • • --------- • RESOURCES • How to Find Oxidation Numbers (rules and examples): • How to Find Oxidation Numbers (Rules... • Oxidation Numbers Practice: • Finding Oxidation Numbers Practice Pr... • ---------- • GENERAL RULES • Free elements have an oxidation state of zero (e.g. Na, Fe, H2, O2, S8). • In an ion the all Oxidation numbers must add up to the charge on the ion. • In a neutral compound all Oxidation Numbers must add up to zero. • Group 1 = +1 • Group 2 = +2 • Hydrogen with Non-Metals = +1 • Hydrogen with Metals (or Boron) = -1 • Fluorine = -1 • Oxygen = -2 (except in H2O2 or with Fluorine) • Group 17(7A) = -1 except with Oxygen and other halogens lower in the group • ---------- • We know that Oxygen usually is -2 with a few exceptions. When Oxygen is in a peroxide, like H2O2 (Hydrogen peroxide), it has a charge of -1. When it is bonded to Fluorine (F) it has an oxidation number of +1. • Here it is bonded to element symbol so the oxidation number on Oxygen is -2. Using this information we can figure out the oxidation number for the element Pb in Pb3O4.

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