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Machali The Legendary Tigress Of Ranthambore
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Machali (Hindi for fish ; code name: T-16; c. 1996 – 18 August 2016), also known as Machli or Machhli, was a Bengal tigress who lived in Ranthambore National Park in India. • She played a key role in the regeneration of the tiger population in the park in the early 2000s. • She was celebrated with titles such as Queen Mother of Tigers, Tigress Queen of Ranthambore, Lady of the Lakes, and Crocodile Killer. • She was considered India's most famous tigress, and on her death was considered the world's oldest tigress living in the wild. • Machali, born in 1996 or 1997, was the dominant cub in a litter of three females. She inherited her name from her mother, Machali I, who was also named fish due to a fish-shaped mark on her face. • In her first two years, she started hunting on her own and took over a part of her mother's territory. • She was known for her hunting skill and strength, in particular in an incident in 2003 when she fought with and killed a 14-foot long mugger crocodile. • But as a result of the fight, she lost two canine teeth. She was also known for her ferocity in protecting her cubs from threats such as male tigers and other animals. • Tigresses generally have two or three litters; however over a period of seven years, from 1999 to 2006, Machali had four litters and gave birth to eleven cubs – seven females and four males. • Machli's offspring increased the tiger population in the park significantly – from 15 tigers in 2004, to 50 tigers in 2014. • Eventually more than half of the tigers in the Ranthambore National Park were of her lineage. • In 2008, two of her female cubs were relocated to Sariska Tiger Reserve and successfully boosted the tiger population in that park as well. • She won the Lifetime Achievement Award of Travel Operators for Tigers due to her contribution to conservation and as a tourist attraction that earned significant income for India. • India reportedly earned about USD 10 million per year due to tourists attracted by the tigress. • In 2013, the Indian government issued a commemorative postal cover and stamp to honor the tigress for her ecological and economical contributions. • Machli is considered to have been the most photographed tigress in the world. • She was featured in a number of wildlife documentaries, including a 50-minute documentary about her life, titled Tiger Queen, which was aired on the National Geographic and Animal Planet channels. • In 2012, the story of Machli was aired on the BBC's Natural World in an episode titled Queen of Tigers: Natural World Special . • In early 2014, Machali disappeared from her usual area, sparking a search by over 200 park staff. She was sighted after about a month and appeared to be in good health. • She had survived in dense forest by hunting her own prey, despite having been fed by park staff prior to her disappearance. • Towards the end of her life, Machali lost almost all of her teeth, sight in one eye, and much of her strength due to aging. • She also lost her territory, as her daughter Sundari from her last litter drove her out of her turf. • As she was unable to hunt and kill for herself, park staff provided her with food. This act generated high controversy among Indian and foreign wildlife experts. • In August 2016 she became critically ill. Due to her great age, it was considered risky for Ranthambore's rangers and staff to treat and aid her as the medications needed could be harmful or fatal. • Machali died on 18 August 2016. She was 20 years old, older than the average 10 to 15 year lifespan of tigers in the wild. • She was cremated in observance with traditional Hindu rituals in a public ceremony. • Filmmaker, S. Nallamuthu who invested his nine years filming the life of Machli and her companion and lineage made a 60-minute documentary (‘The World’s Most Famous Tiger’) that captures her 9-years journey. • Post the special screening of the documentary on February 22, 2018, a nationwide telecast of it was on February 26, 2018 at on National Geographic Channel. • #extinctionblog #machalitigress #extinctmegafaunaofindia • Music: Jungle - Aakash Gandhi (YouTube Audio Library)
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