IAS Mains Geography Optional 2015 Solutions Paper 1 Section A Examrace Dr Manishika

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1(a) Attempt a classification of geomorphic processes from the zonal point of view. • Mechanism of weathering, erosion and deposition • Cycles of erosion • Agents of erosion and there active regions • 1(b) Discuss as to how frontogenesis contributes to weather instability. • Frontogenesis implies formation of fronts • 1(c) Describe the characteristics of different types of pelagic deposits. • • Ocean Deposits - Learning with 3 Clas... • Terrigenous • Biogenous • Hydrogenous • 1(d) Explain the characteristics of ecological succession. • Systematic process • Directional changes • Due to changes in physical environment and species population. • Predictable changes • Changes due to population explosion • Primary and Secondary Succession – Due to climate and biotic factors • 1(e) Comment on the impact of environmental education on quality of life. • Awareness, Knowledge, Skill and Participation • Gain in Life Expectancy – Improved survival rate, Decrease in death rate • Decrease in disability due to occupational hazards • Decrease in health problems due to pollution • Decrease in particulate matter, use of fossil fuels, pesticides • Focus on renewable sources of energy • 2(a) Discuss the contributions of the American School of Subaerial Denudation in geomorphology. • Oldlands – Revealed by dissection of cover (British – Marine Denudation) • Uplands – Surface roughened by erosion (American – Powell, Subaerial denudation) • 2(b) What is Potential Evapotranspiration? Explain how it is used in assessing the water balance in an area. • Potential evapotranspiration (PE): Ability of the atmosphere to remove water from the surface through the processes of evaporation and transpiration assuming no control on water supply. • 2(c) Discuss the methods of conserving biodiversity for sustainable development. • Maintain ecological process and preserve diversity • In Situ – Within habitat (Protected area, national park, sanctuaries, biosphere reserve) • Ex Situ – Maintenance and breeding of plants and animals in gene bank, botanical garden, cryopreservation and zoos or captive breeding. • Identify hot spots • 3(a) Discuss the basis of Koppen’s climatic classification. Bring out the salient characteristics of ‘Cs’ type of climate. • • • 3 Climatic Classification of India - ... • 3(b) Explain with examples as to how channel dynamics has been responsible for the development of alluvial fans and cones. • • Channel Morphology - Understanding th... • Avulsion is rapid abandonment of a river • channel formation of new river channel • 3(c) Classify soils based on their zonal distribution and describe the characteristics of pedocals. • • • Zonal Classification of Soil by USDA ... • 4(a) Explain the different stages of ecological adaptation of man and bring out the changing balance between man and environment. • Ecological Succession – Stages and Causes • Changes in relationship between man environment depends on change in organization and attitude of society. • Explain determinism and possibilism • 4(b) “Present-day landforms bear more complexity than simplicity.” Elucidate. • Himalayas are more complex that Aravallis. • Himalayas – are like living breathing creatures, geosynclinals and active • Mid Atlantic Ridge in Atlantic Ocean • 4(c) Explain the meridional circulation of the atmosphere and its importance in world climate. • Tricellular Model of Circulation • • 3 Models of Circulation - Palmen Heat... • Convergence at ITCZ – Doldrums (Zones of Action) • Divergence – Subtropical Highs (Zones of Action) • Join our fully evaluated UPSC Geography optional test series at - https://www.doorsteptutor.com/Exams/I..., Post evaluation get personalized feedback improvement call for each test. • IAS Mains Geography optional postal course visit - http://www.examrace.com/IAS/IAS-Flexi... • For Maps and locations (revised and updated - includes section on education, defence and more) book click here - http://www.examrace.com/IAS/IAS-Flexi... • Lectures organised in topics and subtopics: https://www.doorsteptutor.com/Exams/I... • For IAS Prelims visit https://www.doorsteptutor.com/Exams/I... • Have a doubt? No worries. We promptly respond to queries asked as comments. • 0:00 Introduction • 2:38 c) Describe the characteristics of different types of pelagic deposits • 2:55 d) Explain the characteristics of ecological Succession • 7:06 b) What is Potential Evapotranspiration? Explain how it is used in assessing the water balance in an • 9:52 a) Discuss the basis of Koppen's climatic classification. Bring out the salient characteristics • 11:10 a) Explain the different stages of ecological adaptation of man and bring out the changing balance between man and environment. • 12:31 b) Present-day landforms bear more complety than simplicity. Elucidate. #examrace #upsc #ugcnet

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