Blood Types

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http://youtube.com/watch?v=L06TJTMVkBo

All about blood types - ABO and Rh blood groups. Who donates to whom? How are blood types inherited? What are the medical issues involved with transfusions? DON'T memorize that donor / recipient table - watch this video instead! • Links to videos mentioned: • Mendelian Genetics: Fun with Cats and Peas • Mendelian Genetics - Fun with Cats an... • JOIN THE FUN all over the WEB: • SUBSCRIBE: / thepenguinprof • FACEBOOK: / thepenguinprof • GOOGLE+: https://plus.google.com/+Penguinprof/... • TWITTER: / penguinprof • WEB: http://www.penguinprof.com/ • --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • VIDEO DETAILS: • Blood Groups: ABO and Rh • Blood Group Systems • 32 human blood group systems are now recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion • The most important of these: ABO blood group system and Rh blood group system • Discovery of ABO Blood Types • ABO blood types were discovered in 1900 by Dr. Karl Landsteiner at the University of Vienna • He wondered why some patients died as a result of blood transfusions and others did not • Inheritance • Blood types are inherited genetic traits (like eye color, hair color, etc.) • ABO Analogy: Donuts and Sprinkles • donut = red blood cell • A sprinkles = A antigens • B sprinkles = B antigens • no sprinkles = no antigens (plain donut) • What are the antigens chemically? • Alleles in the ABO System • i = base (plain donut) • IA = encodes A antigens • IB = encodes B antigens • Allele Combinations • ii • IAIA or IAi • IBIB or IBi • IAIB • Antigens and Antibodies • The antigens you have on your blood cells are recognized by your immune system as SELF antigens • If foreign antigens are discovered in your body, antibodies (or immunoglobulins) will be made by B cells of the immune system • Antibody Structure • Antigen + Antibody = agglutination reaction • Agglutination = the clumping of particles • Latin: agglutinare meaning 'to glue' • Mixing of all blood groups and the result • KEY: CANNOT transfuse if foreign antigens are introduced!!! • The Rh Antigen • Inherited in Mendelian fashion! • Medical issue: Rh- mother and Rh+ fetus • Good News... • Rho(D) Globulin Treatment • ( RhoGAM )

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