✅ EMBRIOLOGÍA del APARATO RESPIRATORIO 😙💨

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✔️📚Short, Practical and Simple • ⌚Timestamps • 0:00 Presentation • 0:20 Formation of the Pulmonary Buds • 1:28 larynx • 2:30 Trachea, Bronchi and Lung • 4:14 Lung maturation • —————————————————————————————— • 🚀Playlist HUMAN EMBRYOLOGY 👶 ✅ • ● https://bit.ly/EmbriologiaHumana • —————————————————————————————— • 🤩Subscribe at the link below 👇: • ● https://bit.ly/VideosMedicina • —————————————————————————————— • 👨‍💼 Commercial contact • ● [email protected] • —————————————————————————————— • 💰 Donations (Support to improve my content): • ● https://bit.ly/YoApoyoTuCanal • —————————————————————————————— • THANK YOU FOR WATCHING MY VIDEOS • EmbryologyLangman #Medicine #Veterinary #Kinesiology #Biology • Summary • The respiratory system derives from an evagination of the ventral wall of the anterior intestine, and the epithelium of the larynx, trachea, bronchi and alveoli originates from the endoderm. Its cartilaginous, muscular and connective tissue components derive from the mesoderm. During the fourth week of development, the tracheoesophageal septum separates the trachea from the anterior intestine, giving rise to the respiratory diverticulum (lung bud) in the anterior region and the esophagus in the posterior region. Communication between these two structures is maintained through the larynx, which forms tissues from the fourth and sixth pharyngeal arches. The lung bud develops to constitute two main bronchi. The right generates three secondary bronchi and three lobes; the left gives rise to two secondary bronchi and two lobes. The result of abnormal separation of the anterior intestine by the tracheoesophageal septum is esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistulas. • After a pseudoglandular phase (5 to 16 weeks) and a canalicular phase (16 to 26 weeks), the cuboid cells that line the respiratory bronchioles are modified to give rise to flat cells, the type I alveolar epithelial cells (pneumocytes), which are in intimate relationship with blood and lymphatic capillaries. In the seventh month gas exchange between blood and air in the primitive alveoli is possible. Before birth, the lungs are occupied by a fluid with scarce proteins, a certain amount of mucus and surfactant, which is synthesized by alveolar epithelial cells (pneumocytes) type II, and which constitutes a layer of phospholipids that covers the alveolar membranes. When you start breathing, the lung fluid is absorbed, but not the surfactant layer, which prevents the alveoli from collapsing during expiration by decreasing the surface tension at the capillary air-blood interface. • The absence of surfactant or its low volume in the premature neonate trigger respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) due to the collapse of the primitive alveoli (hyaline membrane disease). • The growth of the lungs after birth is mainly due to the increase in the number of respiratory bronchioles and alveoli, and not to the increase in the size of the alveoli. New alveoli are formed during the first 8 to 10 years of postnatal life.

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