Carbohydrate Metabolic Pathway
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There are a number of pathways are avaible by which carbohydrates are metabolised. • 1. Glycolysis (EMP pathway) : The oxidation of glucose to pyruvate and lactate. • 2. Citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle) : • 3. Gluconeogenesis : The synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors such as PA, LA, amino acid, FA, glycerol. Mainly in Liver and some extent in cortex of kidney. • 4. Glycogenesis: The formation of glycogen from glucose. • 5. Glycogenolysis : The breakdown of glycogen to glucose. • 6. Hexose monophosphate shunt (pentose phosphate pathway or direct oxidative pathway): • 7. Uronic acid pathway : Glucose is converted to glucuronic acid, pentoses and, in some animals, to ascorbic acid (not in man). This pathway is also an alternative oxidative pathway for glucose. • 8. Galactose metabolism : The pathways concerned with the conversion of galactose to glucose and the synthesis of lactose. • 9. Fructose metabolism : The oxidation of fructose to pyruvate • 10. Amino sugar and mucopolysaccharide metabolism: The synthesis of amino sugars and other sugars for the formation of mucopolysaccharides and glycoproteins. • #CarbohydrateMetabolicPathways #glycolysis #HMPShunt #TCAcycle
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