Anisocoria

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http://youtube.com/watch?v=SVDdtkcc8Rg

Anisocoria, characterized by unequal pupil sizes, can be caused by a variety of factors, ranging from benign to life-threatening. Common causes include: • Physiologic Anisocoria: The most frequent cause, affecting up to 20% of people. It's benign, with less than 1 mm difference in pupil size and equal in light and dark conditions. • Congenital Anomalies: Such as aniridia, coloboma, and ectopic pupil, affecting pupil sizes and shapes from childhood. • Mechanical Anisocoria: Caused by physical damage to the iris or its structures due to trauma, surgery, inflammation, glaucoma, or intraocular tumors. • Pharmacologic Anisocoria: Resulting from drugs affecting pupillary muscles, like anticholinergics causing dilation and sympathomimetics leading to constriction. • Horner’s Syndrome: Characterized by ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis, with anisocoria being more pronounced in the dark due to sympathetic pathway lesions. • Adie Tonic Pupil: A condition where the pupil is abnormally large and reacts slowly, often affecting young women and possibly linked to other systemic issues. • Oculomotor Nerve Palsy: Can lead to mydriasis along with other symptoms like ptosis and “down and out” gaze. It’s often due to compressive lesions. • Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias: These include primary headache disorders with unilateral head pain and autonomic symptoms, possibly causing anisocoria. • Autoimmune Autonomic Ganglionopathy: A disorder where autoantibodies target autonomic ganglia, affecting sympathetic and parasympathetic systems and possibly leading to anisocoria. • In conclusion, anisocoria can result from a range of etiologies, making thorough clinical evaluation crucial for accurate diagnosis and management. • This video was recorded by Smart Eye Camera. • https://ouiinc.jp/en/

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