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SlitLamp Examination Ophthalmic Instrument MKSharma Ophthalmic Education
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Slit-Lamp Examination || Ophthalmic Instrument || M.K.Sharma [Ophthalmic Education] Eye • 💠Slit-Lamp Examination:- • Slit-lamp biomicroscope was invented in 1911 by Gullstrand. • Today, biomicroscopy forms an invaluable and indispensable part of ophthalmological examination. • ◾Parts:- • Slit-lamp consists of three parts:- • 1. Observation system (Microscope) • 2. Illumination system (Slit-lamp) • 3. Mechanical system (Engineering support). • ◾Optics and slit-lamp:- • • • It works on the same principle as a compound microscope. • • The objective lens (+22 D) is towards the patient, whose eye forms the object. The objective lens consists of two planoconvex lenses with their convexities facing towards each other. • • The eyepiece is + 10 to + 14 D and is towards the examiner. • • The illuminating system can be adjusted to vary the width, height and angle of incidence of the light beam. • ◾Slit-lamp biomicroscopy routine:- • '''' • While performing slit-lamp biomicroscopy, following routine may be adopted:- • 1.Patient adjustment:- • Patient should be positioned comfortably in front of the slit-lamp with his/her chin resting on the chin rest and forehead opposed to head rest. • 2. Instrument adjustment:- • The height of the table housing the slit-lamp should be adjusted according to patient's height. The microscope and illumination system should be aligned with the patient's eye to be examined. Fixation target should be placed at the required position. • 3. Beginning slit-lamp examination:- • Some points to be kept in mind are:- • (i). Examination should be carried out in semidark room so that the examiner's eyes are partially dark adapted to ensure sensitivity to low intensities of light. • (ii). Diffuse illumination should be used for a short time as necessary. • (iii). Low magnification should be first used to locate the pathology and higher magnification should then be used to examine it. Start with diffuse illumination and examine the lid margins, bulbar conjunctiva, limbus, cornea, tear film, aqueous, iris and the lens one by one. • ◾ Method of illumination:- • 7 basic methods of illumination using the Slit-lamp:- • 1. Diffuse illumination • 2. Direct illumination • 3. Indirect illumination • 4. Retro illumination • 5. Specular reflection • 6. Sclerotic Scatter • 7. Oscillatory illumination • • 💠 Clinical Refraction:- watch this video 👇 • ◾Retinoscopy Part- 1 • 👇👇 • • Retinoscopy Part- 1 || Objective Refr... • • ◾Retinoscopy Part- 2 • 👇👇 • • Retinoscopy Part- 2 || Objective Refr... • • ◾ Autorefractometry • 👇👇 • • Autorefractometry || Objective Refrac... • • #thecornea #eyestructure #ophthalmicpart #ophthalmology #ophthalmiceduction #eye • #retinoscopy #slit-lamp
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