Osteology of Head amp Neck Temporal Bone Anatomy mbbs bds education

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Temporal bone - a pair or irregular pneumatic bones. • The parts - Squamous • Petro-mastoid • Tympanic • Styloid process • Squamous part - presents • External surface • Internal surface • Superior border • Antero inferior border • External surface forms floor of temporal fossa • gives attachment to temporlis muscle • extends 1.5 cms below the supramastoid crest • External surface shows zygomatic process with anterior and posterior roots. • It unites with temporal process of zygomatic process completing zygomatic arch • Upper border of zygomatic arch gives attachment to galea aponeurotica, temporal fascia • Lower border and inner surface gives attachment to masseter muscle • Internal Surface or cerebral surface shows impressions of gyri of temporal lobes of cerebrum, impressions of middle temporal vessels • Superior border articulates with middle 1/3 of lower border parietal bone • Anteroinferior border articulates with squamous part of greater wing of sphenoid • Mastoid part - presents External surface, inner surface • superior posterior border and a mastoid process • External Surface give attachment to Sternocleidomastoid muscle, splenius capitis, longissimus capitis muscles from before backwards • It presents mastoid foramen which transmits emmissary vein connecting the sigmoid sinus with the posterior auricular vein. • Internal surface presents sulcus for sigmoid sinus • superior border articulates with posterior 1/3 of lower border of parietal bone • Posterior border articulates with lateral border of occipital bone • Tympanic Part presents anterior Posterior surfaces • Superior inferior lateral borders • Anterior surface forms the non articular part of mandibular fossa • Posterior surface forms anterior wall , floor lower part of external acoustic meatus • Superior border meets the squamous part at the squamotympanic fissure • This fissure is divided by the downturned edge of tegmen tympani into petrotympanic fissure and petro squamous fissure • Structures passing through the petro tympaic fissure - Chorda tympani nerve, anterior tympanic artery, anterior ligament of malleus • Inferior border splits to enclose the styloid process (vaginal process) • Lateral border forms the bony ring where cartilage of ear are attached • Petrous part Presents anterior, posterior inferior surfaces • anterior, superior posterior borders • An apex a base • The apex is irregular, presents an impressions for trigeminal ganglion, covered by meckel's cave. • It also shows the anterior opening of carotid canal. • It forms the posterolateral boundary for the foramen lacerum • The base blends with squamous mastoid part • Anterior surface presents • arcuate fossa, tegmen tympani • Posterior surface presents internal acoustic meatus, oblique slit - vestibule of aqueduct, subarcuate fossa • Inferior surface presents attachments to levator veli palatini , lateral to this forms sulcus tubae along with greater wing of sphenoid which lodges the cartilaginous part of auditory tube • Lateral to this is the jugular fossa which lodges the supeior bulb of internal jugular vein • infront to this fossa presents impression of inferior ganglion of glossopharyngeal nerve • Styloid process - downward projection of 2.5 cms long - develop from the dorsal part pharyngeal arch • It gives attachment to 3 muscles - styloglossus, stylopharyngeus, stylohyoid muscles • 2 ligaments - stylohoid stylomandibular ligament • Related laterally to parotid gland with external carotid artery facial nerve • medially related to internal jugular vein internal carotid artery with last four cranial nerves inbetween them Follow me in blogspot - https://human-anatomylessons.blogspot... _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Visit my blogs - https://humananatomyonline.in/ • Contact me @ https://t.me/humananatomylessons

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