Pilus biogenesis at the outer membrane of Gramnegative bacteria

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Bacterial pili mediate recognition of and attachment to the host. Each pilus is composed of a polymer of protein subunits. Pilus biogenesis by the chaperone:usher pathway is carried out by two proteins, a periplasmic chaperone and an outer membrane usher. Chaperone molecules stabilise pilus subunits via a mechanism termed donor strand complementation , whereby the chaperone donates one of its own strand to complement the C-terminally truncated fold of the pilus subunit. At the usher, subunits react with one another through a mechanism termed donor strand exchange whereby the chaperone's strand is substituted by the N-terminal extension (in white) of the subunit next in assembly. The usher catalyses this reaction and also provides the pore through which the nascent pilus is secreted. • Professor Gabriel Waksman, FMedSci, FRS • http://www.bbk.ac.uk/biology/our-staf... • http://www.ismb.lon.ac.uk/ • Produced for Professor Gabriel Waksman by Said Sannuga • © Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London and Birkbeck

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