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#Indian #press and its role in independence | #Freedom #Struggle | Evolution of #Vernacular Press | Hindi | #UPSC • For Polity Course - Download Bookstawa App • https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... • • Please go-through with the video • How to fix app not installed android ... know how to use the APK file. • Why APK ? • Explained : • LOST Bookstawa App | Now What ? • - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - • Notes: • www.bookstawa.com • History of press in colonial India • Indian Press History • Evolution of Vernacular Press in Colonial India • indian press and its role in independence • Role of Indian Press Freedom Struggle • History of Newspaper in India Pre-independence • 1556 Father Gasper Caleza introduced printing press in India with the purpose of helping missionary work. HE got Printing Press from Portugal and The first printing press of India was installed in Goa in 1556. • 1670 Printing technology was adopted in Bombay in 1670. But no newspaper came out of Bombay for almost 100 Years. • 1780 James Augustus Hickey published India's First newspaper 'Bengal Gazette' in 1780.He wanted to expose malpractices and corruptions of East India Company. This paper attacked both Warren Hastings . It criticized government policies and the Governor-General • 'Bengal Gazette' was published in English. • 1784 - Calcutta Gazette • 1785 - Bengal Journal • 1785 - Madras Courier ( English ) • 1789 - Bombay Herald - was among the first English newspapers published from Bombay. Initially founded in 1789 as the Bombay Herald , the newspaper's name was changed to Bombay Gazette in 1791. • 1799 Censorship of Press Act. But, in 1799, Lord Wellesley brought the Censorship of Press Act, 1799. The idea was to stop the French from publishing anything which could harm British in any way. This act brought all the newspapers under the Government scrutiny • 1818 Lateron Lord Hastings abolished this act • 1818 India''s first newspaper in vernacular language, Samachar Darpan was published in which language Bengali. The first newspaper published in an Indian language was samachar Darpan. Samachar Darpan, the first vernacular paper was started during the period of • 1822 The Bombay Samachar, now Mumbai Samachar is the oldest continuously published newspaper in India. • 1822 Sambad Kaumudi - Bengali - started by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. On December 4th 1821 Raja Ram Mohan Roy started Samvad Kaumudi. publication that actively campaigned for the abolition of the Sati Pratha • 1823 Licensing regulation Act - Every news paper needs to take a License before publishing it. Otherwise Imprisonment. • 2. License can be revoked.It was enacted by the John Adams. According to this regulation, press without licence was a penal offence. The restr • Under these regulations many vernaculars including Ram Mohan's Mirat-ul-Akhbar ceased publication. Persian weekly • 1826 - Udant Martand ( Rising Sun ) - 1st hindi Newspaper - Published from calcutta - The day is celebrated as Hindi Journalism day - Hindi Patrakarita Diwas - 30 May each year • 1835 Charles Metcalf abolished the Act.Due his liberal policy Metcalf is called the liberator of the Indian Press, important measures, including that for the liberation of the press, which, while almost universally popular, complicated his relations with the d • 1868 Amrita Bazar Patrika in Calcutta - Bengali • 1878 Vernacular press criticized British rule. Therefore British Govt came down heavily to curb vernacular press for which in 1878, Lord Lytton passed Vernacular Press Act, according to which Magistrates were authorised to ask any publisher of newspaper to giv • This law was not applicable to English Press.gagging Act • At the time the Vernacular Press Act was passed, there were thirty five vernacular papers in Bengal • the Amrita Bazar Patrika in Calcutta had converted itself into an all-English weekly within a week of the passing of the Vernacular Press Act, • 1882 It was repealed by Lord Ripon in 1882. • • • Newspapers by famous Personalities • B.R. Ambedkar Mooknayak • Swami Vivekananda Prabudha Bhara • Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Al-Hilal • B G Tilak Kesari Maratha both Marathi - 1881 • Motilal Nehru Independent • Dadabhai Naoroji Rast Goftar • GD Birla The Hindustan Times -1927 • Jawahar lal Nehru National Herald - 1938 • Mahatma Gandhi Young India Navjivan in 1919 And lateron Harijan (1933) • M.M. Malviya Hindustan • • Newspaper by Area • Bombay Kesari, Rast Goftar ( The Truth Teller ) was an Anglo-Gujarati paper operating in Bombay. Gujarati fortnightly with a Persian name. First newspaper started in Gujarati language • Punjab Tribune • Madras Kerala Patrika, The Hindu, Swadeshamitran • Bengal Indian Mirror, Amrita Bazar Patrika, Sambad Kaumudi, Udant Martand ( Rising Sun )
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