Die säurekatalysierte Veresterung Reaktionsmechanismus Organische Chemie

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Reaktionsmechanismus der Veresterung in der organischen Chemie am Beispiel von Essigsäure und Methanol. Der Reaktionsmechanismus wird anhand der Säurekatalyse dargestellt. • Bei der klassischen Veresterung wird aus einer Carbonsäure und einem Alkohol ein Ester gebildet. Die Reaktion ist eine Gleichgewichts- und Kondensationsreaktion (Wasserabspaltung). Durch Zugabe von Säure oder Erhöhung der Temperatur kann die Reaktion beschleunigt werden. Zur Katalyse wird oft Schwefelsäure verwendet, denn diese bindet etwas von dem entstehenden Wasser, sodass es aus dem Gleichgewicht entfernt wird. • Ablauf: • Schritt 1: Durch die Protonierung der Carbonsäure wird das entsprechende Kation gebildet. • Schritt 2: Das Kation ist durch Mesomerie stabilisiert. • Schritt 3: Ein freies Elektronenpaar des Sauerstoffatoms in der Hydroxygruppe des Alkohols greift das Kation nukleophil an. • Schritt 4: Unter Abspaltung von Wasser wird das Kation des Produktes, in diesem Beispiel von Essigsäuremethylester, gebildet. • Schritt 5: Im letzten Schritt erfolgt die Deprotonierung und es wird das Zielprodukt erhalten. Der Katalysator kann erneut genutzt werden. • Musik von www.bensound.com - Titel: 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