Transistor as an Amplifiers in tamil

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Transistor Amplifier • A transistor acts as an amplifier by raising the strength of a weak signal. The DC bias voltage applied to the emitter base junction, makes it remain in forward biased condition. This forward bias is maintained regardless of the polarity of the signal. The below figure shows how a transistor looks like when connected as an amplifier. • The low resistance in input circuit, lets any small change in input signal to result in an appreciable change in the output. The emitter current caused by the input signal contributes the collector current, which when flows through the load resistor RL, results in a large voltage drop across it. Thus a small input voltage results in a large output voltage, which shows that the transistor works as an amplifier. • Example • Let there be a change of 0.1v in the input voltage being applied, which further produces a change of 1mA in the emitter current. This emitter current will obviously produce a change in collector current, which would also be 1mA. • A load resistance of 5kΩ placed in the collector would produce a voltage of • 5 kΩ × 1 mA = 5V • Hence it is observed that a change of 0.1v in the input gives a change of 5v in the output, which means the voltage level of the signal is amplified. • Performance of Amplifier • As the common emitter mode of connection is mostly adopted, let us first understand a few important terms with reference to this mode of connection. • Input Resistance • As the input circuit is forward biased, the input resistance will be low. The input resistance is the opposition offered by the base-emitter junction to the signal flow. • By definition, it is the ratio of small change in base-emitter voltage (ΔVBE) to the resulting change in base current (ΔIB) at constant collector-emitter voltage. • Where Ri = input resistance, VBE = base-emitter voltage, and IB = base current. • Output Resistance • The output resistance of a transistor amplifier is very high. The collector current changes very slightly with the change in collector-emitter voltage. • By definition, it is the ratio of change in collector-emitter voltage (ΔVCE) to the resulting change in collector current (ΔIC) at constant base current. • Where Ro = Output resistance, VCE = Collector-emitter voltage, and IC = Collector-emitter voltage. • Effective Collector Load • The load is connected at the collector of a transistor and for a single-stage amplifier, the output voltage is taken from the collector of the transistor and for a multi-stage amplifier, the same is collected from a cascaded stages of transistor circuit. • By definition, it is the total load as seen by the a.c. collector current. In case of single stage amplifiers, the effective collector load is a parallel combination of RC and Ro. • Thank You for 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