Snells law of Refraction

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Follow me!: / doodlesci • Doodle Science teaches you high school physics in a less boring way in almost no time! • GCSE Science • Script: • Refraction happens when light changes direction when it travels between substances of different densities. The difference in densities between substances affects the amount of refraction that takes place. • Light slows down when passing into a denser substance, like from air to glass. The angle of refraction is smaller than the angle of incidence as the light bends toward the normal. • Passing through a less dense substance means the light speeds up and the rays bend away from the normal. I use the acronym FAST to remember which ones which so I don’t get confused when drawing it. • Every transparent substance has a refractive index, which is the amount that it slows the light down compared to the speed of light in a vacuum. It’s calculated using the equation sin i / sin r. Where “i” is the angle of incidence and r is the angle of refraction. Take this example, where the angle of incidence is 65 degrees and the angle of refraction is 40 degrees. This gives us a refractive index of 1.41 and will bend the light towards the normal. Refractive indices are good when it comes to making lenses, so you can have powerful lenses without looking like this…

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