Osmotic Purgatives Lactulose Polyethylene Glycol etc

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Explore our entire animation video library at: https://www.nonstopneuron.com/ • All videos from gastrointestinal pharmacology: https://www.nonstopneuron.com/post/ph... • Video Summary: • This video is on osmotic purgatives. Osmotic purgatives are various saline purgatives like Magnesium sulphate, Magnesium hydroxide, Magnesium citrate, Sodium sulphate and Sodium phosphate, polyethylene glycol and nonabsorbable sugars like lactose, sorbitol and mannitol. Intestinal bacteria degrade these sugars to short chain fatty acids which are osmotically more active. • Their mechanism of action is retention of water in the lumen by their osmotic activity. This causes distention of bowel. Magnesium containing preparations also cause release of cholecystokinin in addition to this. All these result in increased peristaltic activity leading to bowel evacuation. Saline and polyethylene glycol produce watery stool within 1-3 hours. Whereas lactulose form soft stool. And its effect appears after 1-3 days. As water is lost along with osmotic purgatives, it is important to maintain adequate water intake when using them. • They are used in acute and chronic constipations. Saline is used clear the bowel after food or drug poisoning and after some anthelmintic drugs like niclosamide to flush out worms. Saline and polyethylene glycol are used to prepare bowel for radiologic or endoscopic examination and for surgery. Lactulose is used in hepatic encephalopathy. It makes the lumen more acidic which leads to conversion of ammonia into nonabsorbable ammonium. This effect along with purgative action of lactulose results in increased elimination of ammonia. This reduces ammonia level in blood. • Cramping is a common side effect with osmotic purgatives. Repeated use of saline purgatives can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Lactulose causes flatus and cramping due to bacterial digestion. Magnesium and phosphate containing preparations should be used cautiously in patient with renal or cardiac disease or pre-existing electrolyte abnormality. Sodium preparations should be avoided in patients of congestive heart failure. • ● Other drugs for constipation: • • Bulk Forming Laxatives: • Bulk Forming Laxatives: Pharmacology • • Lubricant Laxatives/Liquid Paraffin: • Lubricant Laxatives/Liquid Paraffin • • Surfactant Laxative (Docusate): • Surfactant Laxatives (Docusate) | Sto... • • Stimulant Laxatives / Irritant Laxatives: • Stimulant laxatives / Irritant laxatives • ● Follow me at: • • Facebook: / nonstopneuron • • Instagram: / nonstopneuron • DISCLAIMER: This video is for education purpose only. Although every effort is made to ensure accuracy of material, viewer should refer to the appropriate regulatory body/authorised websites, guidelines and other suitable sources of information as deemed relevant and applicable. In view of possibility of human error or changes in medical science, any person or organization involved in preparation of this work accepts no responsibility for any errors or omissions or results obtained from use of information in this video.

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