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Eusociality in termites
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Don't forgot to SUBSCRIBE our ZOOLOGICAL WORLD for more trusted and awesome videos. • For more videos - / @biswaruproy4294 • We post all information about zoology. • Zoology involves the study of animals. Not just any study, but how to classify animals, their history, their anatomy and physiology, their development, and so much more. • Zoology is a very broad field; zoologists study subjects ranging from single-celled organisms to the behavior of groups of animals. Some zoologists study the biology of a particular animal, others study the structure and function of the bodies of animals. • Eusociality in Isoptera (termites) converges along many lines with colony organization and highly social behavior in the phylogenetically distinct insect order Hymenoptera (ants, bees, wasps). Unlike the haplodiploid Hymenoptera, however, both sexes of Isoptera are diploid. Termite families thus lack asymmetric degrees of genetic relatedness generated by meiosis and fertilization, so explanations for eusocial evolution based on such asymmetries are not applicable to Isoptera. The evolution of eusociality in termites likely occurred in small families in which most helpers retained developmental flexibility and reproductive options. A suite of ecological and life-history traits of termites and their ancestors may have predisposed them toward eusocial evolution. These characteristics include familial associations in cloistered, food-rich habitats; slow development; overlap of generations; monogamy; iteroparity; high-risk dispersal for individuals; opportunities for nest inheritance by offspring remaining in their natal nest; and advantages of group defense. Such life-history components are particularly persuasive as fostering social evolution because many are present in a broad group of eusocial taxa, including Hymenoptera, beetles, aphids, thrips, naked mole rats, and shrimp. The evolution of eusociality in Isoptera likely evolved in response to a variety of contributing elements and the selective pressures that they generated.
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