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The Loss of the Dutch Steamer Tubantia
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The Loss of the Dutch Steamer Tubantia (International Commission of Inquiry between Germany The Netherlands, #PCA Case No. 1921-02) • • ℹ On the occasion of the #PCA's 125th Anniversary in 2024, historic PCA cases will be published online throughout the year. • • In 1921, the Permanent Court of Arbitration administered a fact-finding Commission of inquiry between #Germany The #Netherlands regarding the loss of the Dutch passenger steamer Tubantia in 1916. • 🚢 On 15 March 1916, the steamer Tubantia , belonging to the Royal Holland Lloyd corporation, departed from #Amsterdam bound for #BuenosAires with 80 passengers and 280 crew members on board. The ship was sufficiently illuminated by its position-lights and by arc lamps illuminating the name Tubantia, Amsterdam . • In the early hours of 16 March 1916, one of the officers noticed a streak in the water moving towards the Tubantia . He had the impression that it was the wake of a torpedo. An explosion followed, and the ship sank within three hours. Several of the ship's launches were found to contain fragments of a torpedo that had been part of the armament of the German submarine U.B. 13. • According to the German Government, however, this torpedo had, on 6 March 1916, already been launched by that submarine against a British destroyer, and had missed its mark. • On 30 March 1921, the Dutch and German governments therefore decided to establish an international Commission of inquiry under the auspices of the Permanent Court of Arbitration (#PCA) for the purpose of elucidating the circumstances in which the Tubantia had been torpedoed. • • ⚖ The Commission of Inquiry delivered its report in February 1922. • From the testimony of the officers and crew of the Tubantia that they saw the wake of a torpedo immediately before the explosion, and from the retrieval of fragments of a torpedo belonging to the armament of the U.B. 13, the Commission concluded that the U.B. 13 had launched the torpedo which caused the explosion on the Tubantia . • • For more information ➡ bit.ly/4dvnmHh
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