Youtor
Breast Cysts
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#disease #healthy #healthcare • --- Symptoms • Breast cysts can vary in size, shape, and symptoms. Some cysts may be too small to feel, while others are large enough to cause discomfort. Common symptoms include: • Lump in the Breast: • Breast cysts feel like a smooth, round, or oval lump that is soft or firm to the touch. They may be tender or slightly painful, especially during the menstrual cycle. • Breast Pain or Tenderness: • Pain or tenderness in the area of the cyst is common, especially as hormone levels fluctuate before the menstrual period. • Changes in Size or Texture: • The cyst may change in size, becoming larger or more tender during certain times of the month due to hormonal changes. • Movement of the Lump: • Breast cysts are often mobile, meaning they can move slightly within the breast tissue when pressed. • Discharge from the Nipple: • In some cases, there may be a clear or yellowish nipple discharge if the cyst is located near a milk duct. • Types of Breast Cysts • Breast cysts can be classified based on their size and characteristics: • Simple Cysts: • Simple cysts have thin, regular walls and are filled with clear fluid. They are typically harmless and do not require treatment unless they cause discomfort. • Complicated Cysts: • Complicated cysts may contain some debris or slightly thicker fluid but generally do not pose a higher risk. They might need closer monitoring or a follow-up ultrasound. • Complex Cysts: • Complex cysts may have irregular shapes, thick walls, or solid components. They may require further evaluation or biopsy to rule out cancerous changes. • Diagnosis • To diagnose breast cysts, a healthcare provider may perform several tests: • Physical Examination: • The doctor may feel the lump to assess its size, shape, and mobility. However, a physical exam alone cannot confirm if a lump is a cyst or another type of mass. • Imaging Tests: • Ultrasound: An ultrasound is the primary tool to confirm if the lump is fluid-filled (a cyst) or solid (which could indicate a fibroadenoma or other type of tumor). • Mammogram: Mammograms may be used to detect cysts and other abnormalities, especially in women over 40. • Fine Needle Aspiration: • If the ultrasound shows a cyst, the doctor may perform fine needle aspiration. This procedure involves inserting a thin needle into the cyst to draw out fluid, which can relieve discomfort and help confirm the diagnosis. • Biopsy: • If the cyst has irregular characteristics (complex cyst), a biopsy may be performed to examine the cells and rule out cancer. • Treatment • Most breast cysts are benign and do not require treatment unless they are causing symptoms. Treatment options include: • Observation and Monitoring: • If the cyst is small, simple, and asymptomatic, it may be monitored over time with regular check-ups and imaging to ensure it doesn’t grow or change. • Fine Needle Aspiration: • For larger or painful cysts, fine needle aspiration can be performed to drain the fluid, which often provides immediate relief. The cyst may refill over time, but aspiration can be repeated if necessary. • Surgical Removal: • In rare cases, if the cyst recurs frequently, is particularly large, or has suspicious characteristics, surgical removal (cyst excision) may be recommended. • Hormonal Treatments: • For women with recurrent or painful cysts, hormonal treatments such as oral contraceptives may be prescribed to help regulate hormone levels and reduce cyst formation. However, this approach is generally used only in specific cases and under medical guidance due to potential side effects. • Lifestyle Adjustments: • Reducing caffeine and salt intake may help reduce breast pain or tenderness, though evidence for this is mostly anecdotal. Wearing a supportive bra and using over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can also relieve discomfort.
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