WTF is shortening

>> YOUR LINK HERE: ___ http://youtube.com/watch?v=n4IH8-io6Dw

Everything you've ever wanted to know about vegetable shortening; its birth from a cotton byproduct, why people use it, why it's called shortening, and whether or not it's going to kill you. • SOURCES IN ORDER OF APPEARANCE • Record of Wallace McCaw's 1905 trademarks for shortening and soap: https://library.si.edu/digital-librar... • Short bio of Wallace McCaw and info on the McCaw-Massee house in Macon: https://books.google.com/books?id=JSp... • History of hydrogenation and the invention of vegetable shortening: https://lipidlibrary.aocs.org/resourc...) • Soap scene from Fight Club (1999): • Fight Club stealing fat scene • Oxford English Dictionary entry on shortening: https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/178605... • OED entry on short (culinary definition is #20): https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/178579... • 1915 book on soils and manures: https://books.google.com/books?id=76Z... • 1994 commentary in the American Journal of Public Health raising concern about trans-fats: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti... • 2006 New England Journal of Medicine meta-analysis showing the danger of trans-fats (not free): https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056... • I Can't Believe it's Not Butter ad from 1996: • I Can't Believe It's Not Butter Fabi... • U.S. Food and Drug Administration policy on partially hydrogenated oils, including deadlines and extensions: https://www.federalregister.gov/docum... • World Wildlife Fund for Nature position on palm oil: https://www.worldwildlife.org/industr... • 2018 article in Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease raising some health concerns about interesterified fats and pointing out the lack of labeling requirements: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti... • Dr. Sarah Berry at King's College: https://www.kcl.ac.uk/people/dr-sarah... • Dr. Berry's 2017 article, What are interesterified fats and should we be worried about them in our diet? : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti... • GRANDMA SJORSTROM'S RECIPE FOR PEANUT BLOSSOM COOKIES (slightly adapted by me) • Makes about 4 dozen cookies • 14 oz package of Hershey's Kisses, unwrapped • 3 1/2 cups flour • 2 teaspoons baking soda • 1 teaspoon salt • 2 cups sugar and a dab of molasses (or 1 cup white sugar and 1 cup brown sugar) • 1 cup butter-flavored shortening (or 1/2 cup softened butter and 1/2 cup unflavored shortening) • 1 cup peanut butter • 2 eggs • 4 tablespoons milk • 2 teaspoons vanilla • sugar for coating • Pre-heat oven to 375 F. Cream sugar and fats, then mix in all the other ingredients except for the chocolates. Form dough into 1-inch balls and roll them in a bowl of sugar before placing them on parchment-lined baking sheets. They won't spread much, so you should get at least a dozen per sheet. Bake for 10-12 minutes, until they've spread and started to crack. As soon as you pull them out of the oven, gently press a chocolate into the center of each cookie. As Grandma Sjorstrom says, MAKE EVERY YEAR.

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