Pathogenicity of Infectious Disease Microbiology Lecture VLearning™

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http://youtube.com/watch?v=nBnfQ1KV0HA

Humans encounter bacteria, viruses, and parasites that do not cause disease. So, what is a pathogen? A pathogen is a disease-causing microorganism and the ability to cause disease is known as pathogenicity. • In this microbiology lecture, we will talk about types of pathogens, mechanisms of pathogenicity, and damage to host cells. So, let’s get started. • ▬ 🕘 Timestamps ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ • 0:00 - Pathogenicity of infectious disease microbiology • 0:44 - Parasite microbiology • 1:06 - Types of pathogens • 1:14 - Link to pathogenicity of infectious disease lecture on sqadia.com • ▬ 📃 Pathogenicity of Bacteria ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ • Various factors determine the pathogenicity of bacteria. • For example, the capsule of streptococcus pneumoniae is a pathogenicity determinant because without it the organism does not usually cause disease. Some capsular types cause more serious diseases i.e., they are more virulent. • ▬ 📜 Types of Pathogen ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ • There are usually 3 types of pathogens: • 👉 Obligate pathogens • Obligate pathogens are microorganisms that must infect a host to complete their life cycle and cause disease (e.g., Treponema pallidum and HIV). • 👉 Conditional pathogens • As the name suggests, conditional pathogens may cause disease if certain conditions are met. For example, Bacteroides fragilis is a normal commensal of the gut but if it invades the peritoneal cavity, it will cause severe infection. • 👉 Opportunistic Pathogens • Opportunistic pathogens, again you can remember from the word “opportunity”. When host defenses are compromised, that is the “opportunity”, they are looking for. For example, Pneumocystis jiroveci usually causes lung infection only in a host who has severely compromised T-cell immunity. • ▬ 📃 Mechanism of pathogenicity ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ • The ability to cause disease is known as pathogenicity, which may lead to an infection in the body. The process of infection has several stages: • 🔵 Access to a vulnerable host -Convenient transmission (For example, most respiratory pathogens induce coughing, which facilitates their spread by the creation of respiratory droplets.) • 🔵 Attachment to the host (via fimbriae, haemagglutinin antigen, fibronectin, fibronectin, and collagen) • 🔵 Invasion • 🔵 Motility (V. cholerae is motile by its flagellum) • 🔵 Immune evasion (Staphylococcus aureus expresses protein A, which binds host immunoglobulin, preventing opsonization and complement activation.) • 🔵 Damage to the host (Damage is caused by the release of toxins that can be exo or endotoxins) • Watch the full video to learn everything with proper examples and tidbits that will aid in memorizing confusing concepts. • ▬ 🎬 5500+ sqadia.com Medical Videos ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ • 👩🏻‍⚕️ Accessible Medical Student Education 24/7/365 • 💡 Simplifying Medical Learning • 💪 Study Hard, Dream Big, Achieve More • #microbiology #medicalstudents #microbiologylectures #microbiologyobjective #microbiologygoldenpoints #microbiologyquestionbank

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