Youtor
Understanding The Pharmacology Of Nifedipine
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Video transcript :- • Nifedipine is an anti-hypertensive medication belonging to the class of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers. • It primarily acts on vascular smooth muscle cells to cause vasodilation. • Major indications of nifedipine include the following. • In the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies. • Angina pectoris. • For Raynaud’s phenomenon to reduce vasospasm in peripheral arteries. • And as a tocolytic agent in preterm labor to inhibit uterine contractions. • Nifedipine works by blocking L-type calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells, which causes arterial vasodilation. • This in turn reduces systemic vascular resistance and thereby the blood pressure. • In addition, nifedipine action causes reduced myocardial oxygen demand, which benefits angina patients. • Unlike non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers such as verapamil and diltiazem, nifedipine has minimal direct effect on cardiac conduction. • Nifedipine is taken orally. • Both immediate release and extended-release tablets are available. • Sublingual and intravenous routes are less commonly used. • Nifedipine is well absorbed into the body with an oral bioavailability of 45 to 75%. • Once in blood, it is highly plasma protein bound. • The drug is extensively metabolized in the liver by CYP3A4 enzyme. • It is mainly excreted as metabolites in the urine. • Major adverse effects of nifedipine include the following. • Cardiovascular effects such as hypotension, reflex tachycardia, especially with immediate release formulations, and peripheral edema due to capillary leakage and vasodilation. • Neurological effects such as Dizziness, headache, and flushing. • And gastrointestinal effects such as nausea and constipation. • Absolute contraindications for nifedipine therapy include the following. • Severe hypotension, where systolic blood pressure is less than 90 millimeters of mercury. • Cardiogenic shock. • And acute myocardial infarction. • Relative contraindications include Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. • Severe aortic stenosis, as vasodilation can cause severe hypotension. • And hepatic impairment, which may prolong drug action. • #nifedipine #pharmacology #hypertension #highbloodpressure #healtheducation #medicaleducation #medtoday #medicalknowledge #medications
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