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What Is Benzene Organic Chemistry Chemistry FuseSchool
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What Is Benzene | Organic Chemistry | Chemistry | FuseSchool • Learn the basics about the properties and chemistry of benzene, as a part of organic chemistry. • Benzene is an organic molecule. • Benzene is a colourless liquid at room temperature. Its boiling point is 80 degrees C. It’s found naturally in crude oil and in fact smells a little like petrol or gasoline • On an atomic level, benzene is made up of 6 carbon atoms covalently bonded in a ring. Each carbon is also covalently bonded to one hydrogen. • Carbon usually forms 4 single covalent bonds and these carbons at the moment only have 3. The molecule now does something very special. The one unpaired electron from each carbon becomes CONJUGATED into the ring. This means they have free movement around all 6 carbons and this gives benzene the property of AROMATICITY. • Aromaticity refers to conjugation in ring-shaped molecules. • Benzene on its own is not a very useful molecule. In fact it can be dangerous, as it’s carcinogenic, that is known to cause cancer in sufficient doses. • Some of the most important and useful drugs are made this way by joining benzene rings to other organic molecules.. For example, here’s Aspirin, one of the most famous painkillers in the world. Here is the more complicated Sitagliptin, which treats diabetes. • It’s almost impossible to do an ADDITION reaction on benzene. Addition destroys the aromaticity of the ring, a process which needs a LOT of energy. So you’ll almost never see this happen. • What does often happen is substitution reactions, where one of the protons is kicked out of the compound by another species, which takes its place and the molecule keeps its aromaticity. This can happen more than once and the benzene is said to be mono, di or tri-substituted. In this way, many interesting molecules can be created. • • SUBSCRIBE to the FuseSchool YouTube channel for many more educational videos. Our teachers and animators come together to make fun easy-to-understand videos in Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Maths ICT. • VISIT us at www.fuseschool.org, where all of our videos are carefully organised into topics and specific orders, and to see what else we have on offer. Comment, like and share with other learners. You can both ask and answer questions, and teachers will get back to you. • These videos can be used in a flipped classroom model or as a revision aid. • Find all of our Chemistry videos here: • CHEMISTRY • Find all of our Biology videos here: • BIOLOGY • Find all of our Physics videos here: • PHYSICS • Find all of our Maths videos here: • MATHS • Instagram: / fuseschool • Facebook: / fuseschool • Twitter: / fuseschool • Access a deeper Learning Experience in the FuseSchool platform and app: www.fuseschool.org • Follow us: / fuseschool • Befriend us: / fuseschool • This is an Open Educational Resource. If you would like to use the video, please contact us: [email protected]
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