Chitwan National Park Nepal 4K

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The Chitwan National Park is a world heritage property, and it also contains a Ramsar Site Beeshazari Tal in its buffer zone. The CNP has a history of over 3 decades in park management and rich experience in resolving conflicts between the park and the people. • #chitwansafariChitwan #ChitwanNepal #WildSafari • It is a rich natural area in the Terai, the subtropical southern part of Nepal. A total of 68 species of mammals, 544 species of birds, 56 species of herpetofauna, and 126 species of fish have been recorded in the park. The park is especially renowned for its protection of One Horned Rhinoceros, Royal Bengal Tiger, and Gharial Crocodile. • By far the easiest way to reach Chitwan is by tourist bus/AC bus from Kathmandu and many other places. • Chitwan National Park is the first national park in Nepal. It was established in 1973 and granted the status of a World Heritage Site in 1984. • It covers an area of 932 km2 and is located in the subtropical Inner Terai lowlands of south-central Nepal in the districts of Nawalpur, Parsa, Chitwan, and Makwanpur. In altitude, it ranges from about 100 m in the river valleys to 815 m in the Chure Hills. • Chitwan has a tropical monsoon climate with high humidity throughout the year. The area is located in the central climatic zone of the Himalayas, where monsoon starts in mid-June and eases off in late September. During these 14–15 weeks most of the 2,500 mm yearly precipitation falls. • Vegetation • The typical vegetation of the Inner Terai is Himalayan subtropical broadleaf forests with predominantly sal trees covering about 70% of the national park area. The purest stands of sal occur on well-drained lowland ground in the center. Along the southern face of the Chure Hills, sal is scattered among chir pine. On northern slopes sal associates with smaller flowering tree and shrub species such as beleric, rosewood, axlewood, elephant apple, grey downy balsam, and variety of creepers and Spatholobus parviflorus. • Seasonal bushfires, flooding, and erosion evoke an ever-changing mosaic of riverine forest and grasslands along the river banks. On recently deposited alluvium and in lowland areas groups of catechu with rosewood predominates, followed by groups of kapok with rhino apple trees, the fruits of which rhinos savor so much. Understorey shrubs of velvety beautyberry, hill glory bower, and gooseberry offer shelter and lair to a wide variety of species. • Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands cover about 20% of the park's area. More than 50 species are found here including some of the world's tallest grasses like the elephant grass called Saccharum ravennae, giant cane, khagra reed and several species of true grasses. Kas grass is one of the first grasses to colonize new sandbanks and to be washed away by the yearly monsoon floods. • Fauna • The wide range of vegetation types in the Chitwan National Park is the haunt of more than 700 species of wildlife and a not yet fully surveyed number of butterfly, moth and insect species. Apart from king cobra and rock python, 17 other species of snakes, starred tortoise, and monitor lizards occur here. The Narayani-Rapti river system, their small tributaries, and myriads of oxbow lakes is habitat for 113 recorded species of fish and mugger crocodiles. In the early 1950s, about 235 gharials occurred in the Narayani River. The population has dramatically declined to only 38 wild gharials in 2003. Every year gharial eggs are collected along the rivers to be hatched in the breeding center of the Gharial Conservation Project, where animals are reared to the age of 6–9 years. Every year young gharials are reintroduced into the Narayani-Rapti river system, of which sadly only very few survive. • Mammals • Chitwan National Park is home to 68 mammal species including one-horned rhino and Bengal tiger. The alluvial floodplain habitat of the Terai is one of the best tiger habitats anywhere in the world. • Since the establishment of Chitwan National Park, the initially small population of about 25 individuals increased to 70–110 in 1980. In some years this population has declined due to poaching and floods. • In a long-term study carried out from 1995–2002 tiger researchers identified a relative abundance of 82 breeding tigers and a density of 6 females per 100 km2. • Birds • Every year dedicated bird watchers and conservationists survey bird species occurring all over the country. In 2006 they recorded 543 species in the Chitwan National Park, much more than in any other • protected area in Nepal and about two-thirds of Nepal's globally threatened species. Additionally, 20 black-chinned yuhinas, a pair of Gould's sunbird, a pair of blossom-headed parakeets, and one Slaty-breasted rail, an uncommon winter visitor, were sighted in spring 2008.

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