Electroocular cursor control

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http://people.ece.cornell.edu/land/co... • Recently, electrooculography (EOG) has gained more attention as a suitable method for successfully tracking eye movements. The lens of an eye at the cornea focus light at the retina, which houses seven layers of alternating cells used to convert the incoming light into a neural signal that generate receptor potentials. The retina essentially acts as a bioelectric generator, creating an electric field in its surrounding volume which serves as a conductor. Because of the higher metabolic rate at the retina than the cornea, the cornea and retina together acts as a dipole with the cornea being electrically positive with respect to the retina. The resting potential between the cornea and retina has been measured to range from 0.4 mV to 1 mV, aligned along the optic axis. Consequently, this dipole potential rotates along with the gaze of the eye. Electrooculography uses electrodes placed close to the eyes to take advantage of this corneoretinal potential. By placing two electrodes on opposing sides of the eyes, the difference in potential measured by these electrodes changes as the eye moves. As the angle of rotation of the eye increases, aligning the optic axis with the electrodes, the signal amplitude coupled onto the electrodes also increases. Typical voltage magnitudes range from 5-20 uV/ ͦ of rotation of the eye. With proper calibration and electrode placement, the position of the eye can be determined with an accuracy of +/- 2 ͦ vertically and +/- 1.5 ͦ horizontally. As the eye sweeps angles greater than 30 ͦ, however, the linearity of the voltage magnitude worsens. In industry, EOGs are used for ophthalmic diagnosis and enhancing the eye movements of digitally created characters in film

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