Learn Tsonga Traditional wedding Marriage rites of passage relevance of Kings amp Queens

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Tsonga people originated from Central and East Africa somewhere between AD 200 and 500, and have been migrating in-and-out of South Africa for over a thousand (1,000) years. Initially, the Tsonga people settled on the coastal plains of Northern #Mozambique but finally settled in the Transvaal Province and around parts of St Lucia Bay in South Africa from as early as the 1300s.[1] One of the earliest reputable written accounts of the #Tsonga people is by Henri Philipe (HP) Junod titled Matimu ya Vatsonga 1498–1650 which was formally published in 1977, and it speaks of the earliest Tsonga kingdoms. Before this, the older Henri-Alexandre Junod released his work The life of a South African Tribe which was first published under two volumes in 1912–1913 and re-published in 1927. • The historical movements of the Tsonga people is dominated by separate migrations, with the Tembe people settling at the Southern parts of Eswatini around the 1350s and the Van'wanati and Vanyayi settling in the eastern #Limpopo region between the late 1400s and 1650s.[2] Separate migrations from parts of Mozambique occurred shortly thereafter and particularly during the 1800s. According to historical records acquired from the Portuguese (who are perhaps the first Europeans to ship to African soil in the 1400s) and Swiss #Missionaries who arrived to Mozambique and South Africa in the 1800s, Portuguese sailors encountered Tsonga tribes near the coast of Mozambique.[3] Early tribes identified are names such as the Mpfumo who belong to the #Rhonga clan within the wider Tsonga (Thonga) ethnicity, and further identified during the 1500–1650 are the Valenga, Vacopi, Vatonga (Nyembana), Vatshwa, and Vandzawu. • The #Vatsonga people from very early on were much like a confederacy where different groups settled and assimilated within a particular area and adopted a similar language that differed on the basis of geographic location (dialect). Various dialects of the Thonga/Tsonga language emerged from around the 1200s or earlier, such as Xirhonga, Xin'walungu, Xihlanganu, Xibila, Xihlengwe, and Xidjonga. They held large territorial areas in southern Mozambique and parts of South Africa and extracted tribute for those who passed through (paying tribute was to secure passage or to be spared from attack). The Tsonga tribes also operated like a confederacy in supplying regiments to different groups in the northern Transvaal region during times of Great Zimbabwe establishment and engaged in trade.[4] Typical examples during the 1800s are the Nkuna and Valoyi tribes which supplied soldiers to help the #Modjadji kingdom; and the Nkomati and Mabunda tribes for supplying regiments to the army of Joao Albasini. The Tsonga people have an age-old custom of leading their own tribes, with a senior traditional leader at the forefront of their own tribal establishment and is seen with a status equal to that of a king. The Tsonga people have lived according to these customs for ages and they hold the belief that vukosi a byi peli nambu which is a metaphor meaning kingship does not cross territorial or family borders . • Within #apartheid South Africa, a Tsonga homeland , #Gazankulu #Bantustan, was created out of part of northern Transvaal Province (Now Limpopo Province and Mpumalanga) during the 1960s and was granted self-governing status in 1973.[5] This bantustan's economy depended largely on gold and on a small manufacturing sector.[5] However, only an estimated 500,000 people—less than half the Tsonga population of South Africa—ever lived there.[5] Many others joined township residents from other parts of South Africa around urban centres, especially Johannesburg and Pretoria.

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