Spectroscopy Part 03 Applications of UV Vsible Spectroscopy Part 01 Phytochemistry Part 33

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Download the Solution Pharmacy Mobile App to Get All Uploaded Notes, Model Question Papers, Answer Papers, Online Tests, and other GPAT Materials - https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... • UV-visible spectroscopy is a technique used to analyze substances by measuring the absorption, reflection, or transmission of ultraviolet (UV) and visible light after it passes through the sample3[. It's a valuable analytical tool in chemistry, biochemistry, and other scientific fields to study the electronic transitions of molecules. The wavelength region of UV radiation Near UV 200-300 nm and Far UV 10-200 nm. • Principle: UV-visible spectroscopy involves the interaction of light with molecules. Ultraviolet absorption spectra arise from the transition of electrons within in a molecule or ion from a lower to higher electronic energy level. When a molecule absorbs UV or visible light, the electrons in the molecule undergo a transition from lower energy states to higher energy states. The absorbed wavelength (energy required depends on the difference in the energy between the ground state and the excited state of the electron) corresponds to the energy difference between these states, which is characteristic of the molecule. The total energy of the molecule = electronic energy + vibrational energy + Rotational energy • Instrumentation: The basic components of a UV-visible spectrophotometer include a light source that emits UV or visible light, a monochromator to select specific wavelengths, a sample holder where the substance is placed, and a detector to measure the intensity of transmitted or reflected light. • Beer-Lambert Law: This law describes the relationship between the absorbance of a sample and its concentration, path length, and molar absorptivity (extinction coefficient) at a particular wavelength. It's used to quantitatively determine the concentration of a substance in a solution. • Applications of UV Visible spectroscopy • 1. Qualitative analysis: It helps identify compounds based on their absorption spectra, as different compounds exhibit characteristic absorption patterns. • 2. Detection of Impurities: When the absorption spectra of the sample is compared with the standard absorption spectrum, The presence of additional peaks indicates the presence of impurities. Also by measuring the absorbance at a specific wavelength, the impurities can be detected. • Example Benzene appears as a common impurity in cyclohexane. Its presence can be easily detected by its absorption at 255 nm. • 3. Structure elucidation of organic compound: The location of peaks in the absorption spectrum gives an idea about the structural features like the presence or absence of unsaturation, and the presence of heteroatom S, O, N, or halogen. • 4. Structure analysis of organic compound: • A. Detection of conjugation (aromatic compounds, Conjugated dienes, etc) • B. Detection of Geometrical Isomerism. • 5. Study of kinetics of Chemical reaction: If a reaction involves a shift of absorption frequency or wavelength, the rate of such reaction can be easily monitored. • 6. Biochemical applications: It's widely used in biochemistry to study proteins, nucleic acids, and quantitative estimation of blood sugar, cholesterol, and other biomolecules. • 7. Pharmaceutical analysis: UV-visible spectroscopy is used in pharmaceutical industries to assess drug concentrations and purity. • Get in touch with the solution by just clicking the following links- • Facebook Group- / solutionpharamcy • Mobile App - https://play.google.com/store/apps/de... • New Channel (Pharmacy Dictionary) / @pharmacydictionary • E-Mail for official and other work - [email protected] • #solutionpharmacy #Pharmacologyclass #Pharmacognosyvideos #GPAT

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