Fabrys disease

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📌 𝐅𝐨𝐥𝐥𝐨𝐰 𝐨𝐧 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐦:- / drgbhanuprakash • 📌𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗧𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝗺 𝗖𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗹 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲:- https://t.me/bhanuprakashdr • 📌𝗦𝘂𝗯𝘀𝗰𝗿𝗶𝗯𝗲 𝗧𝗼 𝗠𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗟𝗶𝘀𝘁:- https://linktr.ee/DrGBhanuprakash • Fabry's disease is a rare X-linked recessive lysosomal storage disorder in which deficiency of alpha-galactosidase A leads to an accumulation of glycosphingolipids within lysosomes. These lysosomal deposits of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) are responsible for the impaired cell function and the clinical features of the disease. Organs predominantly involved include the kidneys, skin, heart, and the nervous system. Deposits in the vascular endothelium lead to vascular occlusion and thrombosis. Renal deposits lead to proteinuria and renal failure. Dysfunctional valves and cardiomyopathy result from cardiac deposits. Characteristic skin lesions are present. These are angiokeratomas, which are dark red macules or papules that are located in clusters on the body in the bathing trunk area. These develop when a patient is aged approximately 12 years. Their number tends to increase with time as undegraded lipids continue to be deposited. • Signs and symptoms are myriad. Pain is one of the earliest symptoms – and the most incapacitating – starting with acroparesthesia and a burning pain in the hands and feet, often in the first decade of life. A more severe form of pain, known as Fabry's crisis, occurs beginning in the hands and feet and radiating proximally into the limbs. This pain may be initiated by factors such as heat, cold, fatigue, stress, illness, or exercise. Episodes of pain may last from a few minutes to hours or even days. Episodes of Fabry's crisis tend to decrease with advancing age. • Chronic pain may have an even greater impact on the patient's psycho-social well being. The second most common group of symptoms includes abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea from early childhood. Additional symptoms include joint pain, intolerance to heat and exercise due to hypohidrosis and anhidrosis, dry eyes and dry mouth, hearing loss and tinnitus, aphasia, dysarthria, diplopia, vertigo, seizures, and valve disease. The disease culminates in progressive cardiomyopathy and left heart failure, impaired renal function, and stroke. • As Fabry's is an inherited disease, the onset of symptoms begins in early childhood. However, a diagnosis is typically not made until much later in life for the first family member diagnosed with the disease. Other affected family members are often diagnosed at an earlier age. The condition generally progresses as follows: • Early childhood sees the onset of the burning pain of the hands and feet, which begins between ages 5 and 7 years. Abdominal pain and diarrhea, hypohidrosis, poor growth, and then angiokeratomas develop in those aged 5-13 years. • The second cluster of symptoms begins in early adulthood with impairment of renal function beginning as proteinuria. • Lastly, there is the onset of cerebrovascular manifestations including conduction disturbances and progressively worsening renal function. • Chronic renal failure is the most frequent cause of death in the third or fourth decade of life. • The disease affects from 1:40,000 to 1:117,000 individuals, primarily hemizygous men. Women, heterozygous carriers, may be affected, with the effects ranging from full-blown disease to absence of clinical features. Average life span of affected males is usually about 50 years.

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