How to Calculate the Formal Charges for CH4 Methane

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In order to calculate the formal charges for CH4 we'll use the equation: • Formal charge = [# of valence electrons] - [nonbonding val electrons] - [bonding electrons / 2] • The number of valence electrons for the atom of interest is found on the Periodic Table. • Nonbonding valence electrons are those around the atom of interest that are not involved in chemical bonds (they aren't being shared with another atom). • Bonding valence electrons are the ones shared between atoms. We'll divide this number by two. • Some things to note about CH4 Formal Charges: • Formal charge is different from the oxidation number! • If you can exceed the octet rule for the central atom it's a good idea to check the formal charges. • If we have isomers or resonance -- formal charges will help us determine most stable structure. • The closer the formal charges are to zero the more likely we have the most favorable Lewis structure for the molecule. • We write the formal charges in (). E.g. (-1) • Helpful Videos: • • Formal Charges: • Formal Charges: Calculating Formal Ch... • • Finding Valence Electrons (element): • Finding the Number of Valence Electro... • • Exceptions to the Octet Rule: • Exceptions to the Octet Rule • • How to Draw Lewis Structures: • How to Draw Lewis Structures: Five Ea... • • Practice Lewis Playlist: • Lewis Structures Practice Problems wi... • Drawing/writing done in InkScape. Screen capture done with Camtasia Studio 4.0. Done on a Dell Dimension laptop computer with a Wacom digital tablet (Bamboo).

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